Iron deficiency impacts more patients than you might realize.
In the United States, approximately 10 million people have iron deficiency and approximately 5 million have iron deficiency anemia.16
Many women may experience iron deficiency or iron deficiency anemia in their lifetime18
Women are at risk of ID and IDA because they are likely to experience at least one, but likely several, conditions that lead to iron deficiency, including the following:- Heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia)
- Pregnancy
- Uterine fibroids
- Childbirth
- Menopause
30%
of women of childbearing age may have IDA.26
37%
of pregnant women in the US may have IDA.18
66%
of women may have ID in their lifetime.19
75%
of women worldwide may have anemia in their lifetime.44
36-90%
of patients with IBD (eg, Crohn's, UC) have ID.21
36-76%
of patients with IBD (eg, Crohn's, UC) have IDA.22
20-65%
of patients with CKD have ID.23
11-27%
of patients with CKD have anemia.23
- Although there is overlap between ID and IDA, some markers are sensitive to assessing ID (ferritin) and some markers are indicators of IDA (hemoglobin).
8. Iron-deficiency anemia. National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. Accessed October 30, 2023. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/anemia/iron-deficiency-anemia
9. Jimenez K, Kulnigg-Dabsch S, Gasche C. Management of iron deficiency anemia. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2015;11(4):241-250.
10. Badireddy M, Baradhi KM. Chronic anemia. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; 2023
11. Kessy JP, Philemon RN, Lukambagire A, et al. Iron depletion, iron deficiency, and iron deficiency anaemia among children under 5 years old in Kilimanjaro, Northern Tanzania: a hospital-based cross-sectional study. East Afr Health Res J. 2019;3(1):42-47. doi:10.24248/EAHRJ-D-18-00017
16. Miller JL. Iron deficiency anemia: a common and curable disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2013;3(7):a011866. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a011866
18. Friedman AJ, Chen Z, Ford P, et al. Iron deficiency anemia in women across life span. J Womens Health (Larchmt).2012;21(12):1282-1289
19. Camaschalla C. Iron deficiency. Blood. 2019;133(1):30-39. doi:10.1182/blood-2018-05-815944.
20. Mirza FG, Abdul-Kadir R, Breymann C, Fraser IS, Taher A. Impact and management of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in women's health. Expert Rev Hematol. 2018;11(9):727-736. doi:10.1080/17474086.2018.1502081
21. Kulnigg S, Gasche C. Systematic review: managing anaemia in Crohn’s disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006;24(11-12):1507-1523.
22. Stein J, Hartmann F, Dignass AU. Diagnosis and management of iron deficiency anemia in patients with IBD. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010;7(11):599-610.
23. Fishbane S, Pollack S, Feldman HI, Joffe MM, et al. Iron indices in chronic kidney disease in the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 1988–2004. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;4(1):57-61.
24. Cappellini MD, Musallam KM, Taher AT. Iron deficiency anemia revisited. J Intern Med. 2020;287(2):153-170. doi:10.1111/joim.13004
25. Manckoundia P, Konaté A, Hacquin A, et al. Iron in the general population and specificities in older adults: metabolism, causes and consequences of decrease or overload, and biological assessment. Clin Interv Aging. 2020;15:1927-1938. doi:10.2147/CIA.S269379
26. Anaemia in women and children. World Health Organization. 2021. Accessed October 30, 2023. https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/anaemia_in_women_and_children
36. Juul SE, Derman RJ, Auerbach M. Perinatal iron deficiency: implications for mothers and infants. Neonatology. 2019;115(3):269-274. doi:10.1159/000495978
37. Colomer J, Colomer C, Gutierrez D, et al. Anaemia during pregnancy as a risk factor for infant iron deficiency: report from the Valencia Infant Anaemia Cohort (VIAC) study. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 1990;4(2):196-204. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3016.1990.tb00638.x
38. Drukker L, Hants Y, Farkash R, Ruchlemer R, Samueloff A, Grisaru-Granovsky S. Iron deficiency anemia at admission for labor and delivery is associated with an increased risk for Cesarean section and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Transfusion. 2015;55(12):2799-2806. doi:10.1111/trf.13252